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UNIT 4: CAPACITORS AND CAPACITANCE INTRODUCTION A capacitor stores electrical energy. It is like a small rechargeable battery. Capacitors are used to smooth voltage, filter signals, and store charge. Capacitance is measured in farads (F). STORY 1: How a Capacitor Works A capacitor has two metal plates separated by an insulator. The insulator is called a dielectric. When you apply voltage, positive charge builds on one plate and negative on the other. The capacitor stores energy in the elect