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Can They Change. Sometimes traits can improve with motivation, consequences, therapy, age, self-awareness. But severe entrenched patterns often resist change. Look for consistent accountability, empathy in action, sustained behavior change, ability to tolerate criticism, reciprocity over time. Not speeches. Important Nuance. Many people show narcissistic traits under stress without having NPD. Labels online are overused. Ask: Is this chronic, Is there accountability, Is there exploitation