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“China’s economy hit ~$18.7 trillion in 2024, about 4.8 times India’s ~$3.9 trillion. However, demographics and growth tell a changing story. Mid-2023, India (1.428B) became the world’s most populous nation, 3 million ahead of China. China’s population is now declining (first drop in 2022) while India’s still growing (~1.2% annually). On growth: India’s GDP grew ~7% in 2023–24, outpacing China’s ~5%. IMF projects India will remain the fastest major economy. If sustained, India could catch China