The Problem
Today, most automobiles follow a linear economy model: take, make, use, and dispose. Raw materials like metals, plastics, and minerals are extracted, used to manufacture vehicles, and eventually discarded as waste. Millions of old vehicles are scrapped every year, and many of their parts are not reused or recycled efficiently. This leads to overflowing landfills, loss of valuable materials, and increased environmental damage. In addition, traditional fuel-powered cars release harmful