Umsindo ohlukanisiwe

1. Introduction Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) represents a class of cementitious composites characterized by compressive strengths exceeding 150 MPa, very low porosity, and superior long-term durability, enabling thinner structural sections, longer service life, and high-performance applications in bridge construction, precast elements, blast-resistant structures, and infrastructure rehabilitation [1,2]. Since the foundational work of Richard and Cheyrezy on reactive powder concrete [3]